Coagulation, flocculation and settling
- Data required:
- Turbidity, colour, organic matter, pH, alkalinity, temperature and seasonal variations. Jar tests are usually required.
- Operation:
- Chemical dosing, pH control and sludge management.
Solutions by problem
Organic matter, taste and odour
Affects the acceptability of water and the formation of disinfection by-products.
Technologies that can be studied
Activated carbon and other adsorption media
- Data required:
- Target compounds, TOC, competing species, pH and contact time.
- Operation:
- Media replacement or regeneration and saturation monitoring.
Oxidation and aeration
- Data required:
- Iron, manganese, dissolved oxygen, redox potential, pH and ammonium.
- Operation:
- Oxidant dosing or air supply, by-product control and downstream filtration.
Reverse osmosis and nanofiltration
- Data required:
- Full ion analysis, silica, fouling indices, temperature, flow rate and concentrate disposal route.
- Operation:
- Pretreatment, antiscalants, chemical cleaning, remineralisation where needed and concentrate management.
None of these options is the best by default. The recommendation is based on a comparative technical assessment. See all technologies · Rental & OPEX
Do you have a water analysis or a water quality problem?
Share it with us and we will study the possible technologies and arrangements: purchase, rental or OPEX service.